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第5卷 第11期
2014年11月
食品安全質(zhì)量檢測學(xué)報(bào) Vol. 5 No. 11 Journal of Food Safety and Quality Nov. , 2014
水產(chǎn)品中丁香酚的殘留風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估研究進(jìn)展
李晉成, 劉 歡, 王 群, 吳立冬, 許玉燕, 馬 兵, 宋 懌*
(中國水產(chǎn)科學(xué)研究院質(zhì)量與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)研究中心, 北京 100141)
摘 要: 水產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全與人們的日常生活息息相關(guān)。隨著高密度養(yǎng)殖漁業(yè)的發(fā)展, 水產(chǎn)品受到不同程度的藥
物污染, 其中麻醉劑殘留問題已經(jīng)得到人們越來越多的關(guān)注。丁香酚是水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖業(yè)中廣泛使用的一種麻醉劑。丁香酚作用于水產(chǎn)品后, 不僅起到麻醉效果, 同時(shí)也會(huì)在水產(chǎn)品體內(nèi)蓄積, 影響到水產(chǎn)品的食用安全。目前國
內(nèi)對丁香酚在水產(chǎn)品中殘留的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估仍顯不足。本文從危害識別、危害特征描述、暴露評估和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)特征描
述方面綜述了丁香酚在水產(chǎn)品中殘留的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估研究進(jìn)展, 以期為水產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量安全監(jiān)管提供依據(jù)。
關(guān)鍵詞: 丁香酚; 水產(chǎn)品; 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估
Progress in risk assessment of eugenol residues in aquatic products
LI Jin-Cheng, LIU Huan, WANG Qun, WU Li-Dong, XV Yu-Yan, MA Bing, SONG Yi*
(Quality and Standard Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing 100141, China)
ABSTRACT: The issues of aquatic products quality and safety are related to the health of people’s daily life. With the development of high density cultures fisheries, aquatic products have been polluted by different levels
of drug contaminants and anesthetic residues, which has obtained more and more attention. Eugenol is an anesthetic drug used widely in aquatic products. Eugenol can make aquatic products anesthetic, but also can accumulate in aquatic products and affect their safety. However, the research of risk assessment is still insuffi-
cient on eugenol. In this paper, the current progress is reviewed about the risk assessment of eugenol in order to
provide the basis for aquatic products quality safety supervision. The focused points of this paper are hazard identification, hazard characterization, exposure assessment and risk characterization, which are four parts of risk assessment.
KEY WORDS: eugenol; aquatic product; risk assessment
1 引 言
風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估是一個(gè)以科學(xué)為依據(jù)的過程，國際食品法典
委員會(huì)(CAC)認(rèn)為其由危害識別(hazard identification)、危
害特征描述(hazard characterization)、暴露評估(exposure
assessment)、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)特征描述(risk characterization)四個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)
組成[1-4]。目前，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估在水產(chǎn)品中藥物殘留安全性研究
方面的應(yīng)用受到越來越多的關(guān)注[5-8]。
丁香酚(eugenol)為苯丙素類化合物，可以從丁香樹、柴桂等多種植物中提取[8]。丁香酚具有持久香氣，常作為食品添加劑[9-12]。1972年, 日本科學(xué)家遠(yuǎn)藤發(fā)現(xiàn)丁香酚對魚有強(qiáng)烈的麻醉作用, 并開始將它作為麻醉劑進(jìn)行了系列研究。目前, 丁香酚已經(jīng)用于塞內(nèi)加爾鰨、虹鱒、河純、黃尾雀鯛、大鱗大馬哈魚磣等水產(chǎn)品的麻醉[13-15]。近年來, 由于丁香酚在水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖業(yè)中廣泛應(yīng)用, 導(dǎo)致其在水產(chǎn)品中殘留, 亦會(huì)隨水產(chǎn)品的排泄物進(jìn)入土壤和水體環(huán)境, 而土
基金項(xiàng)目: 中國水產(chǎn)科學(xué)研究院院部中央級公益性科研院所基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金項(xiàng)目(2013C005)
Fund: Supported by the Special Scientific Research Funds for Central Non-profit Institutes, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences (2013C005) *通訊作者: 宋懌, 研究員, 主要研究方向?yàn)橹饕芯糠较驗(yàn)樗a(chǎn)品質(zhì)量安全與管理。E-mail: songyi@gmail.com
*Corresponding author: SONG Yi, Researcher, Quality and Standard Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing 100141, China. E-mail: songyi@gmail.com
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