軟土隧道綜合施工技術(shù)、.pdf

軟土隧道綜合施工技術(shù)、

Integrated Construction Technology in soft soil,

西南某單線鐵路隧道所處地形起伏不大, 屬高原
剝蝕深丘地貌, 地面植被較差, 隧道進(jìn)口百余米穿過軟
土層, 屬淺埋、特軟弱圍巖隧道。
進(jìn)口里程DK X +
498, 出口里程DK X+ 800。
沿線不均勻地分布有坡殘
積、坡洪積、溝槽型的高山斜坡軟土; 下臥基巖為灰?guī)r
夾頁巖、炭質(zhì)頁巖, 薄煤層、炭質(zhì)頁巖、頁巖呈薄層狀,
質(zhì)軟, 易風(fēng)化, 遇水極易軟化, 在地下水的長(zhǎng)期作用下,
風(fēng)化極嚴(yán)重的炭質(zhì)頁巖、頁巖多呈軟塑狀, 物理力學(xué)性
質(zhì)極差, 與軟土性質(zhì)相近。

該隧道進(jìn)口端自地面至線路路肩附近有淤泥質(zhì)軟
土和富水砂粘土, 局部呈軟塑狀。
順線路方向軟土分布
122 m , 其中的74 m 在路肩以下分布有2. 5～ 12 m 厚
度不等的富水砂粘土和軟土(軟土厚6～ 8 m ) , 隧道開
挖時(shí)兩側(cè)土體擠壓內(nèi)涌, 并沿線路軸向推擠移動(dòng)。

該地區(qū)地下水主要為
第四系空隙水和基巖裂隙
水, 受地表降水影響較大, 每年5～ 10 月份為雨季, 年
平均氣溫10～ 13℃, 平均降雨量738. 2～ 960. 6 mm ,
日最大降雨量93. 2 mm。

Southwest of a single-track railway tunnel in which the terrain is undulating, is a plateau
Hill landscape of deep erosion, poor vegetation ground, the tunnel through the soft import hundred meters
Soil, is shallow, especially in soft rock tunnel. Miles DK X + import
498, export mileage DK X + 800. There are unevenly distributed along the slope of residual
Product, alluvial slopes, mountain slopes, trench-type soft soil; underlying bedrock is limestone
Folder shale, carbonaceous shale, thin coal, carbonaceous shale, shale was thin layers of
Soft, easily weathered, easily with water softening, in the long-term effects of groundwater under the
Weathering very serious carbonaceous shale, shale Duocheng soft plastic-like, physical and mechanical
Very poor quality, and soft soil of a similar nature.
The tunnel inlet line from the ground to the soft mud near the shoulder
Sandy clay soil and rich water, the local shape of soft plastic. Soft soil along the direction of the distribution line
122 m, 74 m at the shoulder of which the following distribution of 2. 5 ~ 12 m thick
Degrees, ranging from water-rich sand and soft clay soil (soft soil thickness 6 ~ 8 m), the tunnel opened
Squeeze both sides of the soil when digging within the Bay, and pushed along the road axis movement.
The groundwater is mainly Quaternary pore and fissure
Water influenced by surface precipitation, 5 October every year as the rainy season, the annual
The average temperature of 10 ~ 13 ℃, average rainfall 738. 2 ~ 960. 6 mm,
Daily maximum rainfall of 93. 2 mm.